(Imām Bukhārī narrates): 'Abdullāh ibn Maslamah narrated to us, from Imām Mālik, from Hishām ibn 'Urwah, from his father, from 'Ā'ishah, may Allāh be pleased with her, she narrates that:
in the time of the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ the sun was eclipsed, so the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ led the people in prayer; so he stood for a very long time, then performed rukū', so he performed a very long rukū', then he stood, so he stood for a long time, and this standing was less than the first standing, then he performed rukū', so he performed a long rukū', and this was less than the first rukū', then he performed sajdah, so he performed a long sajdah, then he prayed the second rak'ah similar to the first rak'ah. Then he turned, and the sun had become uncovered. Then he gave a khutbah to the people, so he praised and extolled Allāh the Exalted, then said: The sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allāh; they are not eclipsed because of anyone's death, nor because of anyone's life. So when you see a solar eclipse, make du'ā' to Allāh, and pronounce the takbīr, and pray, and give sadaqah. Then he said: O ummah of Muhammad! By Allāh! None of you has more ghairah (protective jealousy) than Allāh, when His male servant commits zinā or His female servant commits zinā. And O ummah of Muhammad! By Allāh! If you knew what I know, you would laugh little and weep much.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ خَسَفَتْ الشَّمْسُ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَامَ فَأَطَالَ الْقِيَامَ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ فَأَطَالَ الرُّكُوعَ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَأَطَالَ الْقِيَامَ وَهُوَ دُونَ الْقِيَامِ الْأَوَّلِ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ فَأَطَالَ الرُّكُوعَ وَهُوَ دُونَ الرُّكُوعِ الْأَوَّلِ ثُمَّ سَجَدَ فَأَطَالَ السُّجُودَ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلَ فِي الْأُولَى ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ وَقَدْ انْجَلَتْ الشَّمْسُ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ لَا يَخْسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَلَا لِحَيَاتِهِ فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ ذَلِكَ فَادْعُوا اللَّهَ وَكَبِّرُوا وَصَلُّوا وَتَصَدَّقُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَاللَّهِ مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ أَغْيَرُ مِنْ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَزْنِيَ عَبْدُهُ أَوْ تَزْنِيَ أَمَتُهُ يَا أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ مَا أَعْلَمُ لَضَحِكْتُمْ قَلِيلًا وَلبَكَيْتُمْ كَثِيرًا
Reference: Sahih Al Bukhari 1044